Commit Graph

57591 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Daniel Borkmann
d4414bc0e9 UPSTREAM: bpf, net: Rework cookie generator as per-cpu one
With its use in BPF, the cookie generator can be called very frequently
in particular when used out of cgroup v2 hooks (e.g. connect / sendmsg)
and attached to the root cgroup, for example, when used in v1/v2 mixed
environments. In particular, when there's a high churn on sockets in the
system there can be many parallel requests to the bpf_get_socket_cookie()
and bpf_get_netns_cookie() helpers which then cause contention on the
atomic counter.

As similarly done in f991bd2e14 ("fs: introduce a per-cpu last_ino
allocator"), add a small helper library that both can use for the 64 bit
counters. Given this can be called from different contexts, we also need
to deal with potential nested calls even though in practice they are
considered extremely rare. One idea as suggested by Eric Dumazet was
to use a reverse counter for this situation since we don't expect 64 bit
overflows anyways; that way, we can avoid bigger gaps in the 64 bit
counter space compared to just batch-wise increase. Even on machines
with small number of cores (e.g. 4) the cookie generation shrinks from
min/max/med/avg (ns) of 22/50/40/38.9 down to 10/35/14/17.3 when run
in parallel from multiple CPUs.

Change-Id: I964c74107f7b39b2de42afedfe8568c5d03d0fb5
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Acked-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/8a80b8d27d3c49f9a14e1d5213c19d8be87d1dc8.1601477936.git.daniel@iogearbox.net
2025-09-08 17:28:17 +03:00
Daniel Borkmann
1996af1b07 UPSTREAM: sock: make cookie generation global instead of per netns
Generating and retrieving socket cookies are a useful feature that is
exposed to BPF for various program types through bpf_get_socket_cookie()
helper.

The fact that the cookie counter is per netns is quite a limitation
for BPF in practice in particular for programs in host namespace that
use socket cookies as part of a map lookup key since they will be
causing socket cookie collisions e.g. when attached to BPF cgroup hooks
or cls_bpf on tc egress in host namespace handling container traffic
from veth or ipvlan devices with peer in different netns. Change the
counter to be global instead.

Socket cookie consumers must assume the value as opqaue in any case.
Not every socket must have a cookie generated and knowledge of the
counter value itself does not provide much value either way hence
conversion to global is fine.

Change-Id: Ic587f6ac138e79991cac05b2c3da117388b357dd
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Cc: Willem de Bruijn <willemb@google.com>
Cc: Martynas Pumputis <m@lambda.lt>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2025-09-08 17:28:16 +03:00
Daniel Borkmann
a95fc4fcd5 UPSTREAM: bpf: Add classid helper only based on skb->sk
Similarly to 5a52ae4e32a6 ("bpf: Allow to retrieve cgroup v1 classid
from v2 hooks"), add a helper to retrieve cgroup v1 classid solely
based on the skb->sk, so it can be used as key as part of BPF map
lookups out of tc from host ns, in particular given the skb->sk is
retained these days when crossing net ns thanks to 9c4c325252
("skbuff: preserve sock reference when scrubbing the skb."). This
is similar to bpf_skb_cgroup_id() which implements the same for v2.
Kubernetes ecosystem is still operating on v1 however, hence net_cls
needs to be used there until this can be dropped in with the v2
helper of bpf_skb_cgroup_id().

Change-Id: Iafb100978944174dd962d8409f229dfd0fd3780e
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/ed633cf27a1c620e901c5aa99ebdefb028dce600.1601477936.git.daniel@iogearbox.net
2025-09-08 17:28:16 +03:00
Song Liu
d107c1a742 UPSTREAM: bpf: fix raw_tp test run in preempt kernel
In preempt kernel, BPF_PROG_TEST_RUN on raw_tp triggers:

[   35.874974] BUG: using smp_processor_id() in preemptible [00000000]
code: new_name/87
[   35.893983] caller is bpf_prog_test_run_raw_tp+0xd4/0x1b0
[   35.900124] CPU: 1 PID: 87 Comm: new_name Not tainted 5.9.0-rc6-g615bd02bf #1
[   35.907358] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996),
BIOS 1.10.2-1ubuntu1 04/01/2014
[   35.916941] Call Trace:
[   35.919660]  dump_stack+0x77/0x9b
[   35.923273]  check_preemption_disabled+0xb4/0xc0
[   35.928376]  bpf_prog_test_run_raw_tp+0xd4/0x1b0
[   35.933872]  ? selinux_bpf+0xd/0x70
[   35.937532]  __do_sys_bpf+0x6bb/0x21e0
[   35.941570]  ? find_held_lock+0x2d/0x90
[   35.945687]  ? vfs_write+0x150/0x220
[   35.949586]  do_syscall_64+0x2d/0x40
[   35.953443]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xa9

Fix this by calling migrate_disable() before smp_processor_id().

Fixes: 1b4d60ec162f ("bpf: Enable BPF_PROG_TEST_RUN for raw_tracepoint")
Reported-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Change-Id: I539f50afb39e38b71987b73a2f1d4d2bd40010f9
Signed-off-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2025-09-08 17:28:16 +03:00
Lorenz Bauer
d6b319ea3c UPSTREAM: bpf: sockmap: Enable map_update_elem from bpf_iter
Allow passing a pointer to a BTF struct sock_common* when updating
a sockmap or sockhash. Since BTF pointers can fault and therefore be
NULL at runtime we need to add an additional !sk check to
sock_map_update_elem. Since we may be passed a request or timewait
socket we also need to check sk_fullsock. Doing this allows calling
map_update_elem on sockmap from bpf_iter context, which uses
BTF pointers.

Change-Id: Ifc6771f27753316add13e847cbcccbcb93c12965
Signed-off-by: Lorenz Bauer <lmb@cloudflare.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200928090805.23343-2-lmb@cloudflare.com
2025-09-08 17:28:13 +03:00
Martin KaFai Lau
f81fa45a60 UPSTREAM: bpf: Enable bpf_skc_to_* sock casting helper to networking prog type
There is a constant need to add more fields into the bpf_tcp_sock
for the bpf programs running at tc, sock_ops...etc.

A current workaround could be to use bpf_probe_read_kernel().  However,
other than making another helper call for reading each field and missing
CO-RE, it is also not as intuitive to use as directly reading
"tp->lsndtime" for example.  While already having perfmon cap to do
bpf_probe_read_kernel(), it will be much easier if the bpf prog can
directly read from the tcp_sock.

This patch tries to do that by using the existing casting-helpers
bpf_skc_to_*() whose func_proto returns a btf_id.  For example, the
func_proto of bpf_skc_to_tcp_sock returns the btf_id of the
kernel "struct tcp_sock".

These helpers are also added to is_ptr_cast_function().
It ensures the returning reg (BPF_REF_0) will also carries the ref_obj_id.
That will keep the ref-tracking works properly.

The bpf_skc_to_* helpers are made available to most of the bpf prog
types in filter.c. The bpf_skc_to_* helpers will be limited by
perfmon cap.

This patch adds a ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID_SOCK_COMMON.  The helper accepting
this arg can accept a btf-id-ptr (PTR_TO_BTF_ID + &btf_sock_ids[BTF_SOCK_TYPE_SOCK_COMMON])
or a legacy-ctx-convert-skc-ptr (PTR_TO_SOCK_COMMON).  The bpf_skc_to_*()
helpers are changed to take ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID_SOCK_COMMON such that
they will accept pointer obtained from skb->sk.

Instead of specifying both arg_type and arg_btf_id in the same func_proto
which is how the current ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID does, the arg_btf_id of
the new ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID_SOCK_COMMON is specified in the
compatible_reg_types[] in verifier.c.  The reason is the arg_btf_id is
always the same.  Discussion in this thread:
https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200922070422.1917351-1-kafai@fb.com/

The ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID_ part gives a clear expectation that the helper is
expecting a PTR_TO_BTF_ID which could be NULL.  This is the same
behavior as the existing helper taking ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID.

The _SOCK_COMMON part means the helper is also expecting the legacy
SOCK_COMMON pointer.

By excluding the _OR_NULL part, the bpf prog cannot call helper
with a literal NULL which doesn't make sense in most cases.
e.g. bpf_skc_to_tcp_sock(NULL) will be rejected.  All PTR_TO_*_OR_NULL
reg has to do a NULL check first before passing into the helper or else
the bpf prog will be rejected.  This behavior is nothing new and
consistent with the current expectation during bpf-prog-load.

[ ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID_SOCK_COMMON will be used to replace
  ARG_PTR_TO_SOCK* of other existing helpers later such that
  those existing helpers can take the PTR_TO_BTF_ID returned by
  the bpf_skc_to_*() helpers.

  The only special case is bpf_sk_lookup_assign() which can accept a
  literal NULL ptr.  It has to be handled specially in another follow
  up patch if there is a need (e.g. by renaming ARG_PTR_TO_SOCKET_OR_NULL
  to ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID_SOCK_COMMON_OR_NULL). ]

[ When converting the older helpers that take ARG_PTR_TO_SOCK* in
  the later patch, if the kernel does not support BTF,
  ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID_SOCK_COMMON will behave like ARG_PTR_TO_SOCK_COMMON
  because no reg->type could have PTR_TO_BTF_ID in this case.

  It is not a concern for the newer-btf-only helper like the bpf_skc_to_*()
  here though because these helpers must require BTF vmlinux to begin
  with. ]

Change-Id: I8463fd1c8f7843a7548b470c9a2555466a3f5fa7
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.fastabend@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200925000350.3855720-1-kafai@fb.com
2025-09-08 17:28:12 +03:00
Christoph Hellwig
3e101d3f75 UPSTREAM: net: switch copy_bpf_fprog_from_user to sockptr_t
Pass a sockptr_t to prepare for set_fs-less handling of the kernel
pointer from bpf-cgroup.

Change-Id: Id8fa0e0e5d52ac999cc8f1e58aded6f1c1dd79b3
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2025-09-08 17:28:12 +03:00
Song Liu
8f848e3e7e UPSTREAM: bpf: Enable BPF_PROG_TEST_RUN for raw_tracepoint
Add .test_run for raw_tracepoint. Also, introduce a new feature that runs
the target program on a specific CPU. This is achieved by a new flag in
bpf_attr.test, BPF_F_TEST_RUN_ON_CPU. When this flag is set, the program
is triggered on cpu with id bpf_attr.test.cpu. This feature is needed for
BPF programs that handle perf_event and other percpu resources, as the
program can access these resource locally.

Change-Id: Id8f992caff30d7b65df8195f8934bcb2d8b658cb
Signed-off-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.fastabend@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200925205432.1777-2-songliubraving@fb.com
2025-09-08 17:28:11 +03:00
Martin KaFai Lau
624fcd4035 UPSTREAM: bpf: Change bpf_sk_assign to accept ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID_SOCK_COMMON
This patch changes the bpf_sk_assign() to take
ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID_SOCK_COMMON such that they will work with the pointer
returned by the bpf_skc_to_*() helpers also.

The bpf_sk_lookup_assign() is taking ARG_PTR_TO_SOCKET_"OR_NULL".  Meaning
it specifically takes a literal NULL.  ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID_SOCK_COMMON
does not allow a literal NULL, so another ARG type is required
for this purpose and another follow-up patch can be used if
there is such need.

Change-Id: Ia2747b017398c8dcc4454118dba03e71bdeba1dc
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200925000415.3857374-1-kafai@fb.com
2025-09-08 17:28:11 +03:00
Martin KaFai Lau
b6e56e983a UPSTREAM: bpf: Change bpf_tcp_*_syncookie to accept ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID_SOCK_COMMON
This patch changes the bpf_tcp_*_syncookie() to take
ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID_SOCK_COMMON such that they will work with the pointer
returned by the bpf_skc_to_*() helpers also.

Change-Id: I4f7712acada428dab29b94f0cb9bbbb19d9eaea2
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Lorenz Bauer <lmb@cloudflare.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200925000409.3856725-1-kafai@fb.com
2025-09-08 17:28:11 +03:00
Martin KaFai Lau
ea103760ae UPSTREAM: bpf: Change bpf_sk_storage_*() to accept ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID_SOCK_COMMON
This patch changes the bpf_sk_storage_*() to take
ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID_SOCK_COMMON such that they will work with the pointer
returned by the bpf_skc_to_*() helpers also.

A micro benchmark has been done on a "cgroup_skb/egress" bpf program
which does a bpf_sk_storage_get().  It was driven by netperf doing
a 4096 connected UDP_STREAM test with 64bytes packet.
The stats from "kernel.bpf_stats_enabled" shows no meaningful difference.

The sk_storage_get_btf_proto, sk_storage_delete_btf_proto,
btf_sk_storage_get_proto, and btf_sk_storage_delete_proto are
no longer needed, so they are removed.

Change-Id: Ifef1303f11952714d181a3c369e154a70a864fd0
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Lorenz Bauer <lmb@cloudflare.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200925000402.3856307-1-kafai@fb.com
2025-09-08 17:28:10 +03:00
Martin KaFai Lau
18fdedaa92 UPSTREAM: bpf: Change bpf_sk_release and bpf_sk_*cgroup_id to accept ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID_SOCK_COMMON
The previous patch allows the networking bpf prog to use the
bpf_skc_to_*() helpers to get a PTR_TO_BTF_ID socket pointer,
e.g. "struct tcp_sock *".  It allows the bpf prog to read all the
fields of the tcp_sock.

This patch changes the bpf_sk_release() and bpf_sk_*cgroup_id()
to take ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID_SOCK_COMMON such that they will
work with the pointer returned by the bpf_skc_to_*() helpers
also.  For example, the following will work:

	sk = bpf_skc_lookup_tcp(skb, tuple, tuplen, BPF_F_CURRENT_NETNS, 0);
	if (!sk)
		return;
	tp = bpf_skc_to_tcp_sock(sk);
	if (!tp) {
		bpf_sk_release(sk);
		return;
	}
	lsndtime = tp->lsndtime;
	/* Pass tp to bpf_sk_release() will also work */
	bpf_sk_release(tp);

Since PTR_TO_BTF_ID could be NULL, the helper taking
ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID_SOCK_COMMON has to check for NULL at runtime.

A btf_id of "struct sock" may not always mean a fullsock.  Regardless
the helper's running context may get a non-fullsock or not,
considering fullsock check/handling is pretty cheap, it is better to
keep the same verifier expectation on helper that takes ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID*
will be able to handle the minisock situation.  In the bpf_sk_*cgroup_id()
case,  it will try to get a fullsock by using sk_to_full_sk() as its
skb variant bpf_sk"b"_*cgroup_id() has already been doing.

bpf_sk_release can already handle minisock, so nothing special has to
be done.

Change-Id: Ia9823f535d2a69b6ed4c16f599faa3f8c3ac3a42
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200925000356.3856047-1-kafai@fb.com
2025-09-08 17:28:10 +03:00
Christoph Hellwig
62826a9346 UPSTREAM: net: simplify cBPF setsockopt compat handling
Add a helper that copies either a native or compat bpf_fprog from
userspace after verifying the length, and remove the compat setsockopt
handlers that now aren't required.

Change-Id: I1690eed92b7cd11de14e3249c0d15770599c2160
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2025-09-08 17:28:10 +03:00
Arnd Bergmann
533648844f BACKPORT: socket: move compat timeout handling into sock.c
This is a cleanup to prepare for the addition of 64-bit time_t
in O_SNDTIMEO/O_RCVTIMEO. The existing compat handler seems
unnecessarily complex and error-prone, moving it all into the
main setsockopt()/getsockopt() implementation requires half
as much code and is easier to extend.

32-bit user space can now use old_timeval32 on both 32-bit
and 64-bit machines, while 64-bit code can use
__old_kernel_timeval.

Change-Id: I9ff7125f850764c13fa7bd6d2b7b58b6acb91608
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Deepa Dinamani <deepa.kernel@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Willem de Bruijn <willemb@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2025-09-08 17:28:10 +03:00
Lorenz Bauer
7548dd425c UPSTREAM: bpf: Allow specifying a BTF ID per argument in function protos
Function prototypes using ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID currently use two ways to signal
which BTF IDs are acceptable. First, bpf_func_proto.btf_id is an array of
IDs, one for each argument. This array is only accessed up to the highest
numbered argument that uses ARG_PTR_TO_BTF_ID and may therefore be less than
five arguments long. It usually points at a BTF_ID_LIST. Second, check_btf_id
is a function pointer that is called by the verifier if present. It gets the
actual BTF ID of the register, and the argument number we're currently checking.
It turns out that the only user check_arg_btf_id ignores the argument, and is
simply used to check whether the BTF ID has a struct sock_common at it's start.

Replace both of these mechanisms with an explicit BTF ID for each argument
in a function proto. Thanks to btf_struct_ids_match this is very flexible:
check_arg_btf_id can be replaced by requiring struct sock_common.

Change-Id: I04d5adc4574380e9a67e7a688b98611158bb7102
Signed-off-by: Lorenz Bauer <lmb@cloudflare.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200921121227.255763-5-lmb@cloudflare.com
2025-09-08 17:28:07 +03:00
Martin KaFai Lau
d762e45ab3 UPSTREAM: bpf: Add bpf_sk_storage support to bpf_tcp_ca
This patch adds bpf_sk_storage_get() and bpf_sk_storage_delete()
helper to the bpf_tcp_ca's struct_ops.  That would allow
bpf-tcp-cc to:
1) share sk private data with other bpf progs.
2) use bpf_sk_storage as a private storage for a bpf-tcp-cc
   if the existing icsk_ca_priv is not big enough.

Change-Id: Id9d23e4f4b12b8063f2227ad73cd0e49af8478c7
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200320152101.2169498-1-kafai@fb.com
2025-09-08 17:28:06 +03:00
YiFei Zhu
ab4f7ba5a3 UPSTREAM: bpf: Mutex protect used_maps array and count
To support modifying the used_maps array, we use a mutex to protect
the use of the counter and the array. The mutex is initialized right
after the prog aux is allocated, and destroyed right before prog
aux is freed. This way we guarantee it's initialized for both cBPF
and eBPF.

Change-Id: I5a5a46193377945bf8bded1a5d8e2effc426555e
Signed-off-by: YiFei Zhu <zhuyifei@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Stanislav Fomichev <sdf@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@fb.com>
Cc: YiFei Zhu <zhuyifei1999@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200915234543.3220146-2-sdf@google.com
2025-09-08 17:28:04 +03:00
Martin KaFai Lau
2c7e4c74d3 UPSTREAM: bpf: Bpf_skc_to_* casting helpers require a NULL check on sk
The bpf_skc_to_* type casting helpers are available to
BPF_PROG_TYPE_TRACING.  The traced PTR_TO_BTF_ID may be NULL.
For example, the skb->sk may be NULL.  Thus, these casting helpers
need to check "!sk" also and this patch fixes them.

Fixes: 0d4fad3e57df ("bpf: Add bpf_skc_to_udp6_sock() helper")
Fixes: 478cfbdf5f13 ("bpf: Add bpf_skc_to_{tcp, tcp_timewait, tcp_request}_sock() helpers")
Fixes: af7ec1383361 ("bpf: Add bpf_skc_to_tcp6_sock() helper")
Change-Id: Iaccaf135bbf4e1bd603f781a3d79f137535ba196
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Acked-by: Song Liu <songliubraving@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200915182959.241101-1-kafai@fb.com
2025-09-08 17:28:04 +03:00
Neal Cardwell
82b9f124db UPSTREAM: tcp: simplify _bpf_setsockopt(): Remove flags argument
Now that the previous patches have removed the code that uses the
flags argument to _bpf_setsockopt(), we can remove that argument.

Change-Id: I616b51780fa25eaa93217eb084256ebbf4352ccf
Signed-off-by: Neal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Acked-by: Kevin Yang <yyd@google.com>
Cc: Lawrence Brakmo <brakmo@fb.com>
2025-09-08 17:28:03 +03:00
Neal Cardwell
01151b5c62 UPSTREAM: tcp: simplify tcp_set_congestion_control(): Always reinitialize
Now that the previous patches ensure that all call sites for
tcp_set_congestion_control() want to initialize congestion control, we
can simplify tcp_set_congestion_control() by removing the reinit
argument and the code to support it.

Change-Id: I2a34569215d029c1d06fc1eafe3a65f9acd32b7b
Signed-off-by: Neal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Acked-by: Kevin Yang <yyd@google.com>
Cc: Lawrence Brakmo <brakmo@fb.com>
2025-09-08 17:28:03 +03:00
Neal Cardwell
245f0b489b UPSTREAM: tcp: Simplify EBPF TCP_CONGESTION to always init CC
Now that the previous patch ensures we don't initialize the congestion
control twice, when EBPF sets the congestion control algorithm at
connection establishment we can simplify the code by simply
initializing the congestion control module at that time.

Change-Id: I3513f1c0c5f186d07bac18ceec4a984cca801862
Signed-off-by: Neal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Yuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Acked-by: Kevin Yang <yyd@google.com>
Cc: Lawrence Brakmo <brakmo@fb.com>
2025-09-08 17:28:03 +03:00
Martin KaFai Lau
6fcd6e4906 UPSTREAM: bpf: Relax max_entries check for most of the inner map types
Most of the maps do not use max_entries during verification time.
Thus, those map_meta_equal() do not need to enforce max_entries
when it is inserted as an inner map during runtime.  The max_entries
check is removed from the default implementation bpf_map_meta_equal().

The prog_array_map and xsk_map are exception.  Its map_gen_lookup
uses max_entries to generate inline lookup code.  Thus, they will
implement its own map_meta_equal() to enforce max_entries.
Since there are only two cases now, the max_entries check
is not refactored and stays in its own .c file.

Change-Id: I5054274bbd6f0944078b5bf52de072077d37aa34
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200828011813.1970516-1-kafai@fb.com
2025-09-08 17:27:59 +03:00
Martin KaFai Lau
8e0591b3d7 UPSTREAM: bpf: Add map_meta_equal map ops
Some properties of the inner map is used in the verification time.
When an inner map is inserted to an outer map at runtime,
bpf_map_meta_equal() is currently used to ensure those properties
of the inserting inner map stays the same as the verification
time.

In particular, the current bpf_map_meta_equal() checks max_entries which
turns out to be too restrictive for most of the maps which do not use
max_entries during the verification time.  It limits the use case that
wants to replace a smaller inner map with a larger inner map.  There are
some maps do use max_entries during verification though.  For example,
the map_gen_lookup in array_map_ops uses the max_entries to generate
the inline lookup code.

To accommodate differences between maps, the map_meta_equal is added
to bpf_map_ops.  Each map-type can decide what to check when its
map is used as an inner map during runtime.

Also, some map types cannot be used as an inner map and they are
currently black listed in bpf_map_meta_alloc() in map_in_map.c.
It is not unusual that the new map types may not aware that such
blacklist exists.  This patch enforces an explicit opt-in
and only allows a map to be used as an inner map if it has
implemented the map_meta_equal ops.  It is based on the
discussion in [1].

All maps that support inner map has its map_meta_equal points
to bpf_map_meta_equal in this patch.  A later patch will
relax the max_entries check for most maps.  bpf_types.h
counts 28 map types.  This patch adds 23 ".map_meta_equal"
by using coccinelle.  -5 for
	BPF_MAP_TYPE_PROG_ARRAY
	BPF_MAP_TYPE_(PERCPU)_CGROUP_STORAGE
	BPF_MAP_TYPE_STRUCT_OPS
	BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY_OF_MAPS
	BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH_OF_MAPS

The "if (inner_map->inner_map_meta)" check in bpf_map_meta_alloc()
is moved such that the same error is returned.

[1]: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200522022342.899756-1-kafai@fb.com/

Change-Id: I4c61c7636e04c18ae979fac8ea78105aad35a98c
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200828011806.1970400-1-kafai@fb.com
2025-09-08 17:27:59 +03:00
KP Singh
19c0619512 UPSTREAM: bpf: Allow local storage to be used from LSM programs
Adds support for both bpf_{sk, inode}_storage_{get, delete} to be used
in LSM programs. These helpers are not used for tracing programs
(currently) as their usage is tied to the life-cycle of the object and
should only be used where the owning object won't be freed (when the
owning object is passed as an argument to the LSM hook). Thus, they
are safer to use in LSM hooks than tracing. Usage of local storage in
tracing programs will probably follow a per function based whitelist
approach.

Since the UAPI helper signature for bpf_sk_storage expect a bpf_sock,
it, leads to a compilation warning for LSM programs, it's also updated
to accept a void * pointer instead.

Change-Id: Ib0afe90a58aa586852d48d13c77bc91cbada9bd1
Signed-off-by: KP Singh <kpsingh@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200825182919.1118197-7-kpsingh@chromium.org
2025-09-08 17:27:55 +03:00
KP Singh
c176c3ef6c UPSTREAM: bpf: Split bpf_local_storage to bpf_sk_storage
A purely mechanical change:

	bpf_sk_storage.c = bpf_sk_storage.c + bpf_local_storage.c
	bpf_sk_storage.h = bpf_sk_storage.h + bpf_local_storage.h

Change-Id: I1c8348df3fbd320d39f6ccefb743263b020d9440
Signed-off-by: KP Singh <kpsingh@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200825182919.1118197-5-kpsingh@chromium.org
2025-09-08 17:27:51 +03:00
Martin KaFai Lau
b057be8d83 UPSTREAM: bpf: Improve bucket_log calculation logic
It was reported that the max_t, ilog2, and roundup_pow_of_two macros have
exponential effects on the number of states in the sparse checker.

This patch breaks them up by calculating the "nbuckets" first so that the
"bucket_log" only needs to take ilog2().

In addition, Linus mentioned:

  Patch looks good, but I'd like to point out that it's not just sparse.

  You can see it with a simple

    make net/core/bpf_sk_storage.i
    grep 'smap->bucket_log = ' net/core/bpf_sk_storage.i | wc

  and see the end result:

      1  365071 2686974

  That's one line (the assignment line) that is 2,686,974 characters in
  length.

  Now, sparse does happen to react particularly badly to that (I didn't
  look to why, but I suspect it's just that evaluating all the types
  that don't actually ever end up getting used ends up being much more
  expensive than it should be), but I bet it's not good for gcc either.

Fixes: 6ac99e8f23d4 ("bpf: Introduce bpf sk local storage")
Reported-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Reported-by: Luc Van Oostenryck <luc.vanoostenryck@gmail.com>
Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Change-Id: I7e96d43e8997b81ff0885de9c6498e07ca8eb161
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Reviewed-by: Luc Van Oostenryck <luc.vanoostenryck@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200207081810.3918919-1-kafai@fb.com
2025-09-08 17:27:51 +03:00
Arthur Fabre
161f7254a0 UPSTREAM: bpf: Fix out of bounds memory access in bpf_sk_storage
bpf_sk_storage maps use multiple spin locks to reduce contention.
The number of locks to use is determined by the number of possible CPUs.
With only 1 possible CPU, bucket_log == 0, and 2^0 = 1 locks are used.

When updating elements, the correct lock is determined with hash_ptr().
Calling hash_ptr() with 0 bits is undefined behavior, as it does:

x >> (64 - bits)

Using the value results in an out of bounds memory access.
In my case, this manifested itself as a page fault when raw_spin_lock_bh()
is called later, when running the self tests:

./tools/testing/selftests/bpf/test_verifier 773 775
[   16.366342] BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffff8fe7a66f93f8

Force the minimum number of locks to two.

Change-Id: I7058918b2b1e35be341eeecec4976c7ea3991798
Signed-off-by: Arthur Fabre <afabre@cloudflare.com>
Fixes: 6ac99e8f23d4 ("bpf: Introduce bpf sk local storage")
Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andriin@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2025-09-08 17:27:50 +03:00
KP Singh
f0cfc246d6 UPSTREAM: bpf: Generalize bpf_sk_storage
Refactor the functionality in bpf_sk_storage.c so that concept of
storage linked to kernel objects can be extended to other objects like
inode, task_struct etc.

Each new local storage will still be a separate map and provide its own
set of helpers. This allows for future object specific extensions and
still share a lot of the underlying implementation.

This includes the changes suggested by Martin in:

  https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200725013047.4006241-1-kafai@fb.com/

adding new map operations to support bpf_local_storage maps:

* storages for different kernel objects to optionally have different
  memory charging strategy (map_local_storage_charge,
  map_local_storage_uncharge)
* Functionality to extract the storage pointer from a pointer to the
  owning object (map_owner_storage_ptr)

Co-developed-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>

Change-Id: I02da579d09e497018432efed3a876e384d0cd561
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: KP Singh <kpsingh@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200825182919.1118197-4-kpsingh@chromium.org
2025-09-08 17:27:50 +03:00
KP Singh
e69a5312da UPSTREAM: bpf: Generalize caching for sk_storage.
Provide the a ability to define local storage caches on a per-object
type basis. The caches and caching indices for different objects should
not be inter-mixed as suggested in:

  https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200630193441.kdwnkestulg5erii@kafai-mbp.dhcp.thefacebook.com/

  "Caching a sk-storage at idx=0 of a sk should not stop an
  inode-storage to be cached at the same idx of a inode."

Change-Id: Ifa2f4618ba00061dfe3242bf069f0ba3bfed25bd
Signed-off-by: KP Singh <kpsingh@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200825182919.1118197-3-kpsingh@chromium.org
2025-09-08 17:27:50 +03:00
KP Singh
8b9db8345e BACKPORT: bpf: Renames in preparation for bpf_local_storage
A purely mechanical change to split the renaming from the actual
generalization.

Flags/consts:

  SK_STORAGE_CREATE_FLAG_MASK	BPF_LOCAL_STORAGE_CREATE_FLAG_MASK
  BPF_SK_STORAGE_CACHE_SIZE	BPF_LOCAL_STORAGE_CACHE_SIZE
  MAX_VALUE_SIZE		BPF_LOCAL_STORAGE_MAX_VALUE_SIZE

Structs:

  bucket			bpf_local_storage_map_bucket
  bpf_sk_storage_map		bpf_local_storage_map
  bpf_sk_storage_data		bpf_local_storage_data
  bpf_sk_storage_elem		bpf_local_storage_elem
  bpf_sk_storage		bpf_local_storage

The "sk" member in bpf_local_storage is also updated to "owner"
in preparation for changing the type to void * in a subsequent patch.

Functions:

  selem_linked_to_sk			selem_linked_to_storage
  selem_alloc				bpf_selem_alloc
  __selem_unlink_sk			bpf_selem_unlink_storage_nolock
  __selem_link_sk			bpf_selem_link_storage_nolock
  selem_unlink_sk			__bpf_selem_unlink_storage
  sk_storage_update			bpf_local_storage_update
  __sk_storage_lookup			bpf_local_storage_lookup
  bpf_sk_storage_map_free		bpf_local_storage_map_free
  bpf_sk_storage_map_alloc		bpf_local_storage_map_alloc
  bpf_sk_storage_map_alloc_check	bpf_local_storage_map_alloc_check
  bpf_sk_storage_map_check_btf		bpf_local_storage_map_check_btf

Change-Id: Icdbdea3316ca2d2c2b76657515f1a444df8653d9
Signed-off-by: KP Singh <kpsingh@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200825182919.1118197-2-kpsingh@chromium.org
2025-09-08 17:27:50 +03:00
Martin KaFai Lau
5c2931ab6c UPSTREAM: bpf: sk_storage: Prefer to get a free cache_idx
The cache_idx is currently picked by RR.  There is chance that
the same cache_idx will be picked by multiple sk_storage_maps while
other cache_idx is still unused.  e.g. It could happen when the
sk_storage_map is recreated during the restart of the user
space process.

This patch tracks the usage count for each cache_idx.  There is
16 of them now (defined in BPF_SK_STORAGE_CACHE_SIZE).
It will try to pick the free cache_idx.  If none was found,
it would pick one with the minimal usage count.

Change-Id: I53d1fadc311d0a3d3bc925b79e1e3336be670cb9
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.fastabend@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200617174226.2301909-1-kafai@fb.com
2025-09-08 17:27:49 +03:00
Martin KaFai Lau
d0c59e3f28 UPSTREAM: tcp: bpf: Optionally store mac header in TCP_SAVE_SYN
This patch is adapted from Eric's patch in an earlier discussion [1].

The TCP_SAVE_SYN currently only stores the network header and
tcp header.  This patch allows it to optionally store
the mac header also if the setsockopt's optval is 2.

It requires one more bit for the "save_syn" bit field in tcp_sock.
This patch achieves this by moving the syn_smc bit next to the is_mptcp.
The syn_smc is currently used with the TCP experimental option.  Since
syn_smc is only used when CONFIG_SMC is enabled, this patch also puts
the "IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SMC)" around it like the is_mptcp did
with "IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MPTCP)".

The mac_hdrlen is also stored in the "struct saved_syn"
to allow a quick offset from the bpf prog if it chooses to start
getting from the network header or the tcp header.

[1]: https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/CANn89iLJNWh6bkH7DNhy_kmcAexuUCccqERqe7z2QsvPhGrYPQ@mail.gmail.com/

Suggested-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Change-Id: Id12b23200ccba9017f1792fda9c8b6aec2998d38
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200820190123.2886935-1-kafai@fb.com
2025-09-08 17:27:49 +03:00
Martin KaFai Lau
d9068ce678 UPSTREAM: bpf: tcp: Allow bpf prog to write and parse TCP header option
[ Note: The TCP changes here is mainly to implement the bpf
  pieces into the bpf_skops_*() functions introduced
  in the earlier patches. ]

The earlier effort in BPF-TCP-CC allows the TCP Congestion Control
algorithm to be written in BPF.  It opens up opportunities to allow
a faster turnaround time in testing/releasing new congestion control
ideas to production environment.

The same flexibility can be extended to writing TCP header option.
It is not uncommon that people want to test new TCP header option
to improve the TCP performance.  Another use case is for data-center
that has a more controlled environment and has more flexibility in
putting header options for internal only use.

For example, we want to test the idea in putting maximum delay
ACK in TCP header option which is similar to a draft RFC proposal [1].

This patch introduces the necessary BPF API and use them in the
TCP stack to allow BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCK_OPS program to parse
and write TCP header options.  It currently supports most of
the TCP packet except RST.

Supported TCP header option:
───────────────────────────
This patch allows the bpf-prog to write any option kind.
Different bpf-progs can write its own option by calling the new helper
bpf_store_hdr_opt().  The helper will ensure there is no duplicated
option in the header.

By allowing bpf-prog to write any option kind, this gives a lot of
flexibility to the bpf-prog.  Different bpf-prog can write its
own option kind.  It could also allow the bpf-prog to support a
recently standardized option on an older kernel.

Sockops Callback Flags:
──────────────────────
The bpf program will only be called to parse/write tcp header option
if the following newly added callback flags are enabled
in tp->bpf_sock_ops_cb_flags:
BPF_SOCK_OPS_PARSE_UNKNOWN_HDR_OPT_CB_FLAG
BPF_SOCK_OPS_PARSE_ALL_HDR_OPT_CB_FLAG
BPF_SOCK_OPS_WRITE_HDR_OPT_CB_FLAG

A few words on the PARSE CB flags.  When the above PARSE CB flags are
turned on, the bpf-prog will be called on packets received
at a sk that has at least reached the ESTABLISHED state.
The parsing of the SYN-SYNACK-ACK will be discussed in the
"3 Way HandShake" section.

The default is off for all of the above new CB flags, i.e. the bpf prog
will not be called to parse or write bpf hdr option.  There are
details comment on these new cb flags in the UAPI bpf.h.

sock_ops->skb_data and bpf_load_hdr_opt()
─────────────────────────────────────────
sock_ops->skb_data and sock_ops->skb_data_end covers the whole
TCP header and its options.  They are read only.

The new bpf_load_hdr_opt() helps to read a particular option "kind"
from the skb_data.

Please refer to the comment in UAPI bpf.h.  It has details
on what skb_data contains under different sock_ops->op.

3 Way HandShake
───────────────
The bpf-prog can learn if it is sending SYN or SYNACK by reading the
sock_ops->skb_tcp_flags.

* Passive side

When writing SYNACK (i.e. sock_ops->op == BPF_SOCK_OPS_WRITE_HDR_OPT_CB),
the received SYN skb will be available to the bpf prog.  The bpf prog can
use the SYN skb (which may carry the header option sent from the remote bpf
prog) to decide what bpf header option should be written to the outgoing
SYNACK skb.  The SYN packet can be obtained by getsockopt(TCP_BPF_SYN*).
More on this later.  Also, the bpf prog can learn if it is in syncookie
mode (by checking sock_ops->args[0] == BPF_WRITE_HDR_TCP_SYNACK_COOKIE).

The bpf prog can store the received SYN pkt by using the existing
bpf_setsockopt(TCP_SAVE_SYN).  The example in a later patch does it.
[ Note that the fullsock here is a listen sk, bpf_sk_storage
  is not very useful here since the listen sk will be shared
  by many concurrent connection requests.

  Extending bpf_sk_storage support to request_sock will add weight
  to the minisock and it is not necessary better than storing the
  whole ~100 bytes SYN pkt. ]

When the connection is established, the bpf prog will be called
in the existing PASSIVE_ESTABLISHED_CB callback.  At that time,
the bpf prog can get the header option from the saved syn and
then apply the needed operation to the newly established socket.
The later patch will use the max delay ack specified in the SYN
header and set the RTO of this newly established connection
as an example.

The received ACK (that concludes the 3WHS) will also be available to
the bpf prog during PASSIVE_ESTABLISHED_CB through the sock_ops->skb_data.
It could be useful in syncookie scenario.  More on this later.

There is an existing getsockopt "TCP_SAVED_SYN" to return the whole
saved syn pkt which includes the IP[46] header and the TCP header.
A few "TCP_BPF_SYN*" getsockopt has been added to allow specifying where to
start getting from, e.g. starting from TCP header, or from IP[46] header.

The new getsockopt(TCP_BPF_SYN*) will also know where it can get
the SYN's packet from:
  - (a) the just received syn (available when the bpf prog is writing SYNACK)
        and it is the only way to get SYN during syncookie mode.
  or
  - (b) the saved syn (available in PASSIVE_ESTABLISHED_CB and also other
        existing CB).

The bpf prog does not need to know where the SYN pkt is coming from.
The getsockopt(TCP_BPF_SYN*) will hide this details.

Similarly, a flags "BPF_LOAD_HDR_OPT_TCP_SYN" is also added to
bpf_load_hdr_opt() to read a particular header option from the SYN packet.

* Fastopen

Fastopen should work the same as the regular non fastopen case.
This is a test in a later patch.

* Syncookie

For syncookie, the later example patch asks the active
side's bpf prog to resend the header options in ACK.  The server
can use bpf_load_hdr_opt() to look at the options in this
received ACK during PASSIVE_ESTABLISHED_CB.

* Active side

The bpf prog will get a chance to write the bpf header option
in the SYN packet during WRITE_HDR_OPT_CB.  The received SYNACK
pkt will also be available to the bpf prog during the existing
ACTIVE_ESTABLISHED_CB callback through the sock_ops->skb_data
and bpf_load_hdr_opt().

* Turn off header CB flags after 3WHS

If the bpf prog does not need to write/parse header options
beyond the 3WHS, the bpf prog can clear the bpf_sock_ops_cb_flags
to avoid being called for header options.
Or the bpf-prog can select to leave the UNKNOWN_HDR_OPT_CB_FLAG on
so that the kernel will only call it when there is option that
the kernel cannot handle.

[1]: draft-wang-tcpm-low-latency-opt-00
     https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-wang-tcpm-low-latency-opt-00

Change-Id: If5c8cad06573cc8f9712fb0b0761b10df24d180d
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200820190104.2885895-1-kafai@fb.com
2025-09-08 17:27:49 +03:00
Martin KaFai Lau
b88977a05d UPSTREAM: bpf: sock_ops: Change some members of sock_ops_kern from u32 to u8
A later patch needs to add a few pointers and a few u8 to
sock_ops_kern.  Hence, this patch saves some spaces by moving
some of the existing members from u32 to u8 so that the later
patch can still fit everything in a cacheline.

Change-Id: I6f3673ff40db74c495d5d5cf0951a197e514ac46
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200820190058.2885640-1-kafai@fb.com
2025-09-08 17:27:48 +03:00
Martin KaFai Lau
36cb3068b9 BACKPORT: bpf: tcp: Add bpf_skops_hdr_opt_len() and bpf_skops_write_hdr_opt()
The bpf prog needs to parse the SYN header to learn what options have
been sent by the peer's bpf-prog before writing its options into SYNACK.
This patch adds a "syn_skb" arg to tcp_make_synack() and send_synack().
This syn_skb will eventually be made available (as read-only) to the
bpf prog.  This will be the only SYN packet available to the bpf
prog during syncookie.  For other regular cases, the bpf prog can
also use the saved_syn.

When writing options, the bpf prog will first be called to tell the
kernel its required number of bytes.  It is done by the new
bpf_skops_hdr_opt_len().  The bpf prog will only be called when the new
BPF_SOCK_OPS_WRITE_HDR_OPT_CB_FLAG is set in tp->bpf_sock_ops_cb_flags.
When the bpf prog returns, the kernel will know how many bytes are needed
and then update the "*remaining" arg accordingly.  4 byte alignment will
be included in the "*remaining" before this function returns.  The 4 byte
aligned number of bytes will also be stored into the opts->bpf_opt_len.
"bpf_opt_len" is a newly added member to the struct tcp_out_options.

Then the new bpf_skops_write_hdr_opt() will call the bpf prog to write the
header options.  The bpf prog is only called if it has reserved spaces
before (opts->bpf_opt_len > 0).

The bpf prog is the last one getting a chance to reserve header space
and writing the header option.

These two functions are half implemented to highlight the changes in
TCP stack.  The actual codes preparing the bpf running context and
invoking the bpf prog will be added in the later patch with other
necessary bpf pieces.

Change-Id: If81bbf6ba9cd4a9ee363a447e780e9b0833ee92a
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200820190052.2885316-1-kafai@fb.com
2025-09-08 17:27:48 +03:00
Martin KaFai Lau
e90c36138c UPSTREAM: bpf: tcp: Add bpf_skops_parse_hdr()
The patch adds a function bpf_skops_parse_hdr().
It will call the bpf prog to parse the TCP header received at
a tcp_sock that has at least reached the ESTABLISHED state.

For the packets received during the 3WHS (SYN, SYNACK and ACK),
the received skb will be available to the bpf prog during the callback
in bpf_skops_established() introduced in the previous patch and
in the bpf_skops_write_hdr_opt() that will be added in the
next patch.

Calling bpf prog to parse header is controlled by two new flags in
tp->bpf_sock_ops_cb_flags:
BPF_SOCK_OPS_PARSE_UNKNOWN_HDR_OPT_CB_FLAG and
BPF_SOCK_OPS_PARSE_ALL_HDR_OPT_CB_FLAG.

When BPF_SOCK_OPS_PARSE_UNKNOWN_HDR_OPT_CB_FLAG is set,
the bpf prog will only be called when there is unknown
option in the TCP header.

When BPF_SOCK_OPS_PARSE_ALL_HDR_OPT_CB_FLAG is set,
the bpf prog will be called on all received TCP header.

This function is half implemented to highlight the changes in
TCP stack.  The actual codes preparing the bpf running context and
invoking the bpf prog will be added in the later patch with other
necessary bpf pieces.

Change-Id: Ia70614c4388ce1eab849e426140f7c66bf68e784
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200820190046.2885054-1-kafai@fb.com
2025-09-08 17:27:48 +03:00
Martin KaFai Lau
e5c5b864b1 UPSTREAM: tcp: Add saw_unknown to struct tcp_options_received
In a later patch, the bpf prog only wants to be called to handle
a header option if that particular header option cannot be handled by
the kernel.  This unknown option could be written by the peer's bpf-prog.
It could also be a new standard option that the running kernel does not
support it while a bpf-prog can handle it.

This patch adds a "saw_unknown" bit to "struct tcp_options_received"
and it uses an existing one byte hole to do that.  "saw_unknown" will
be set in tcp_parse_options() if it sees an option that the kernel
cannot handle.

Change-Id: Id286fa01661751f40261cade7a433c9701ffa61a
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.fastabend@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200820190033.2884430-1-kafai@fb.com
2025-09-08 17:27:48 +03:00
Martin KaFai Lau
14c10db02a UPSTREAM: bpf: tcp: Add bpf_skops_established()
In tcp_init_transfer(), it currently calls the bpf prog to give it a
chance to handle the just "ESTABLISHED" event (e.g. do setsockopt
on the newly established sk).  Right now, it is done by calling the
general purpose tcp_call_bpf().

In the later patch, it also needs to pass the just-received skb which
concludes the 3 way handshake. E.g. the SYNACK received at the active side.
The bpf prog can then learn some specific header options written by the
peer's bpf-prog and potentially do setsockopt on the newly established sk.
Thus, instead of reusing the general purpose tcp_call_bpf(), a new function
bpf_skops_established() is added to allow passing the "skb" to the bpf
prog.  The actual skb passing from bpf_skops_established() to the bpf prog
will happen together in a later patch which has the necessary bpf pieces.

A "skb" arg is also added to tcp_init_transfer() such that
it can then be passed to bpf_skops_established().

Calling the new bpf_skops_established() instead of tcp_call_bpf()
should be a noop in this patch.

Change-Id: Id48e37947de078a5a6d6d2c547d3b6b150b3087e
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.fastabend@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200820190039.2884750-1-kafai@fb.com
2025-09-08 17:27:47 +03:00
Yuchung Cheng
7b8a8c005e UPSTREAM: tcp: undo init congestion window on false SYNACK timeout
Linux implements RFC6298 and use an initial congestion window
of 1 upon establishing the connection if the SYNACK packet is
retransmitted 2 or more times. In cellular networks SYNACK timeouts
are often spurious if the wireless radio was dormant or idle. Also
some network path is longer than the default SYNACK timeout. In
both cases falsely starting with a minimal cwnd are detrimental
to performance.

This patch avoids doing so when the final ACK's TCP timestamp
indicates the original SYNACK was delivered. It remembers the
original SYNACK timestamp when SYNACK timeout has occurred and
re-uses the function to detect spurious SYN timeout conveniently.

Note that a server may receives multiple SYNs from and immediately
retransmits SYNACKs without any SYNACK timeout. This often happens
on when the client SYNs have timed out due to wireless delay
above. In this case since the server will still use the default
initial congestion (e.g. 10) because tp->undo_marker is reset in
tcp_init_metrics(). This is an intentional design because packets
are not lost but delayed.

This patch only covers regular TCP passive open. Fast Open is
supported in the next patch.

Change-Id: I8a16a9a9ed3aad87c3bcb2bfecbaf88dc1385d53
Signed-off-by: Yuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Neal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2025-09-08 17:27:47 +03:00
Yuchung Cheng
b8257284b3 UPSTREAM: tcp: refactor setting the initial congestion window
Relocate the congestion window initialization from tcp_init_metrics()
to tcp_init_transfer() to improve code readability.

Change-Id: I600263b9232e8386753811a61cb8de351dccfa85
Signed-off-by: Yuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Neal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Soheil Hassas Yeganeh <soheil@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2025-09-08 17:27:47 +03:00
Yuchung Cheng
713d9befca UPSTREAM: tcp: undo initial congestion window on false SYN timeout
Linux implements RFC6298 and use an initial congestion window of 1
upon establishing the connection if the SYN packet is retransmitted 2
or more times. In cellular networks SYN timeouts are often spurious
if the wireless radio was dormant or idle. Also some network path
is longer than the default SYN timeout. Having a minimal cwnd on
both cases are detrimental to TCP startup performance.

This patch extends TCP undo feature (RFC3522 aka TCP Eifel) to detect
spurious SYN timeout via TCP timestamps. Since tp->retrans_stamp
records the initial SYN timestamp instead of first retransmission, we
have to implement a different undo code additionally. The detection
also must happen before tcp_ack() as retrans_stamp is reset when
SYN is acknowledged.

Note this patch covers both active regular and fast open.

Change-Id: I437189befc2bb6370d8ebf98fcdee9a7bd48f561
Signed-off-by: Yuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Neal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2025-09-08 17:27:47 +03:00
Jakub Kicinski
45179e5ab7 UPSTREAM: net/tcp: use deferred jump label for TCP acked data hook
User space can flip the clean_acked_data_enabled static branch
on and off with TLS offload when CONFIG_TLS_DEVICE is enabled.
jump_label.h suggests we use the delayed version in this case.

Deferred branches now also don't take the branch mutex on
decrement, so we avoid potential locking issues.

Change-Id: I9368fa5e35ed6a061afbe7a6a29e8bd081460f8e
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <jakub.kicinski@netronome.com>
Reviewed-by: Simon Horman <simon.horman@netronome.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2025-09-08 17:27:46 +03:00
Martin KaFai Lau
dbca6e2a7e UPSTREAM: tcp: bpf: Add TCP_BPF_RTO_MIN for bpf_setsockopt
This patch adds bpf_setsockopt(TCP_BPF_RTO_MIN) to allow bpf prog
to set the min rto of a connection.  It could be used together
with the earlier patch which has added bpf_setsockopt(TCP_BPF_DELACK_MAX).

A later selftest patch will communicate the max delay ack in a
bpf tcp header option and then the receiving side can use
bpf_setsockopt(TCP_BPF_RTO_MIN) to set a shorter rto.

Change-Id: I32e313838af527d12b7e5f16036481bcaefa1e7b
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.fastabend@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200820190027.2884170-1-kafai@fb.com
2025-09-08 17:27:46 +03:00
Martin KaFai Lau
7f562aee1a UPSTREAM: tcp: bpf: Add TCP_BPF_DELACK_MAX setsockopt
This change is mostly from an internal patch and adapts it from sysctl
config to the bpf_setsockopt setup.

The bpf_prog can set the max delay ack by using
bpf_setsockopt(TCP_BPF_DELACK_MAX).  This max delay ack can be communicated
to its peer through bpf header option.  The receiving peer can then use
this max delay ack and set a potentially lower rto by using
bpf_setsockopt(TCP_BPF_RTO_MIN) which will be introduced
in the next patch.

Another later selftest patch will also use it like the above to show
how to write and parse bpf tcp header option.

Change-Id: I18bc0cb9551922db5056cb817b9690c40c5983e2
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.fastabend@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200820190021.2884000-1-kafai@fb.com
2025-09-08 17:27:46 +03:00
Eric Dumazet
0e83cace4b UPSTREAM: tcp: move icsk_rto init to tcp_disconnect()
If we make sure a listener always has its icsk_rto
field set to TCP_TIMEOUT_INIT, we do not need to rewrite
this field after a new clone is created.

tcp_disconnect() is very seldom used in real applications.

Change-Id: I699da3b9cd4e2c74c86d4e558b6360472e845415
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2025-09-08 17:27:46 +03:00
Martin KaFai Lau
33daaa062c UPSTREAM: tcp: Use a struct to represent a saved_syn
The TCP_SAVE_SYN has both the network header and tcp header.
The total length of the saved syn packet is currently stored in
the first 4 bytes (u32) of an array and the actual packet data is
stored after that.

A later patch will add a bpf helper that allows to get the tcp header
alone from the saved syn without the network header.  It will be more
convenient to have a direct offset to a specific header instead of
re-parsing it.  This requires to separately store the network hdrlen.
The total header length (i.e. network + tcp) is still needed for the
current usage in getsockopt.  Although this total length can be obtained
by looking into the tcphdr and then get the (th->doff << 2), this patch
chooses to directly store the tcp hdrlen in the second four bytes of
this newly created "struct saved_syn".  By using a new struct, it can
give a readable name to each individual header length.

Change-Id: I52001b912b19d40f78a74c23105670449ec000d6
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <kafai@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Acked-by: John Fastabend <john.fastabend@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200820190014.2883694-1-kafai@fb.com
2025-09-08 17:27:45 +03:00
Eric Dumazet
b5cc7e056b BACKPORT: tcp: add rcu protection around tp->fastopen_rsk
Both tcp_v4_err() and tcp_v6_err() do the following operations
while they do not own the socket lock :

	fastopen = tp->fastopen_rsk;
 	snd_una = fastopen ? tcp_rsk(fastopen)->snt_isn : tp->snd_una;

The problem is that without appropriate barrier, the compiler
might reload tp->fastopen_rsk and trigger a NULL deref.

request sockets are protected by RCU, we can simply add
the missing annotations and barriers to solve the issue.

Fixes: 168a8f5805 ("tcp: TCP Fast Open Server - main code path")
Change-Id: Ic343bfeee8985f1105235407560340e5ecf66320
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2025-09-08 17:27:45 +03:00
Yuchung Cheng
0940de445e UPSTREAM: tcp: properly track retry time on passive Fast Open
This patch addresses a corner issue on timeout behavior of a
passive Fast Open socket.  A passive Fast Open server may write
and close the socket when it is re-trying SYN-ACK to complete
the handshake. After the handshake is completely, the server does
not properly stamp the recovery start time (tp->retrans_stamp is
0), and the socket may abort immediately on the very first FIN
timeout, instead of retying until it passes the system or user
specified limit.

Change-Id: I6b8bdb935b7a958f4e75cf09d98e042f27577a9b
Signed-off-by: Yuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Neal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Soheil Hassas Yeganeh <soheil@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2025-09-08 17:27:45 +03:00
Eric Dumazet
65790da5de UPSTREAM: tcp: move rx_opt & syn_data_acked init to tcp_disconnect()
If we make sure all listeners have these fields cleared, then a clone
will also inherit zero values.

Change-Id: I92724e9956a2f0c3a44509c2f155f6044ab6ef6f
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2025-09-08 17:27:45 +03:00
Eric Dumazet
c1e4ca18c7 UPSTREAM: tcp: do not clear urg_data in tcp_create_openreq_child
All listeners have this field cleared already, since tcp_disconnect()
clears it and newly created sockets have also a zero value here.

So a clone will inherit a zero value here.

Change-Id: I1e212f1525946baa4713ebf558fb8a23db20534e
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2025-09-08 17:27:44 +03:00