diff --git a/crypto/af_alg.c b/crypto/af_alg.c
index 0679c35adf55..3f3b57f80bdb 100644
--- a/crypto/af_alg.c
+++ b/crypto/af_alg.c
@@ -133,21 +133,15 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(af_alg_release);
 void af_alg_release_parent(struct sock *sk)
 {
 	struct alg_sock *ask = alg_sk(sk);
-	unsigned int nokey = ask->nokey_refcnt;
-	bool last = nokey && !ask->refcnt;
+	unsigned int nokey = atomic_read(&ask->nokey_refcnt);
 
 	sk = ask->parent;
 	ask = alg_sk(sk);
 
-	local_bh_disable();
-	bh_lock_sock(sk);
-	ask->nokey_refcnt -= nokey;
-	if (!last)
-		last = !--ask->refcnt;
-	bh_unlock_sock(sk);
-	local_bh_enable();
+	if (nokey)
+		atomic_dec(&ask->nokey_refcnt);
 
-	if (last)
+	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&ask->refcnt))
 		sock_put(sk);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(af_alg_release_parent);
@@ -192,7 +186,7 @@ static int alg_bind(struct socket *sock, struct sockaddr *uaddr, int addr_len)
 
 	err = -EBUSY;
 	lock_sock(sk);
-	if (ask->refcnt | ask->nokey_refcnt)
+	if (atomic_read(&ask->refcnt))
 		goto unlock;
 
 	swap(ask->type, type);
@@ -241,7 +235,7 @@ static int alg_setsockopt(struct socket *sock, int level, int optname,
 	int err = -EBUSY;
 
 	lock_sock(sk);
-	if (ask->refcnt)
+	if (atomic_read(&ask->refcnt) != atomic_read(&ask->nokey_refcnt))
 		goto unlock;
 
 	type = ask->type;
@@ -308,12 +302,14 @@ int af_alg_accept(struct sock *sk, struct socket *newsock, bool kern)
 
 	sk2->sk_family = PF_ALG;
 
-	if (nokey || !ask->refcnt++)
+	if (atomic_inc_return_relaxed(&ask->refcnt) == 1)
 		sock_hold(sk);
-	ask->nokey_refcnt += nokey;
+	if (nokey) {
+		atomic_inc(&ask->nokey_refcnt);
+		atomic_set(&alg_sk(sk2)->nokey_refcnt, 1);
+	}
 	alg_sk(sk2)->parent = sk;
 	alg_sk(sk2)->type = type;
-	alg_sk(sk2)->nokey_refcnt = nokey;
 
 	newsock->ops = type->ops;
 	newsock->state = SS_CONNECTED;
diff --git a/crypto/algif_aead.c b/crypto/algif_aead.c
index f138af18b500..379e83c8aa52 100644
--- a/crypto/algif_aead.c
+++ b/crypto/algif_aead.c
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ static int aead_check_key(struct socket *sock)
 	struct alg_sock *ask = alg_sk(sk);
 
 	lock_sock(sk);
-	if (ask->refcnt)
+	if (!atomic_read(&ask->nokey_refcnt))
 		goto unlock_child;
 
 	psk = ask->parent;
@@ -401,11 +401,8 @@ static int aead_check_key(struct socket *sock)
 	if (!tfm->has_key)
 		goto unlock;
 
-	if (!pask->refcnt++)
-		sock_hold(psk);
-
-	ask->refcnt = 1;
-	sock_put(psk);
+	atomic_dec(&pask->nokey_refcnt);
+	atomic_set(&ask->nokey_refcnt, 0);
 
 	err = 0;
 
diff --git a/crypto/algif_hash.c b/crypto/algif_hash.c
index 39cebd3256bf..d987e2c90d74 100644
--- a/crypto/algif_hash.c
+++ b/crypto/algif_hash.c
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ static int hash_check_key(struct socket *sock)
 	struct alg_sock *ask = alg_sk(sk);
 
 	lock_sock(sk);
-	if (ask->refcnt)
+	if (!atomic_read(&ask->nokey_refcnt))
 		goto unlock_child;
 
 	psk = ask->parent;
@@ -321,11 +321,8 @@ static int hash_check_key(struct socket *sock)
 	if (crypto_ahash_get_flags(tfm) & CRYPTO_TFM_NEED_KEY)
 		goto unlock;
 
-	if (!pask->refcnt++)
-		sock_hold(psk);
-
-	ask->refcnt = 1;
-	sock_put(psk);
+	atomic_dec(&pask->nokey_refcnt);
+	atomic_set(&ask->nokey_refcnt, 0);
 
 	err = 0;
 
diff --git a/crypto/algif_skcipher.c b/crypto/algif_skcipher.c
index 1ce1284c9ed9..d9ec5dca8672 100644
--- a/crypto/algif_skcipher.c
+++ b/crypto/algif_skcipher.c
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ static int skcipher_check_key(struct socket *sock)
 	struct alg_sock *ask = alg_sk(sk);
 
 	lock_sock(sk);
-	if (ask->refcnt)
+	if (!atomic_read(&ask->nokey_refcnt))
 		goto unlock_child;
 
 	psk = ask->parent;
@@ -235,11 +235,8 @@ static int skcipher_check_key(struct socket *sock)
 	if (!tfm->has_key)
 		goto unlock;
 
-	if (!pask->refcnt++)
-		sock_hold(psk);
-
-	ask->refcnt = 1;
-	sock_put(psk);
+	atomic_dec(&pask->nokey_refcnt);
+	atomic_set(&ask->nokey_refcnt, 0);
 
 	err = 0;
 
diff --git a/include/crypto/if_alg.h b/include/crypto/if_alg.h
index ac0eae8372ab..2ea6a95ca825 100644
--- a/include/crypto/if_alg.h
+++ b/include/crypto/if_alg.h
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ struct alg_sock {
 
 	struct sock *parent;
 
-	unsigned int refcnt;
-	unsigned int nokey_refcnt;
+	atomic_t refcnt;
+	atomic_t nokey_refcnt;
 
 	const struct af_alg_type *type;
 	void *private;